Âîïðîñ ïðî Swap (ñâîï)

**DemonGloom** · 14-08-2008, 17:28

Ýòî íîðìàëüíî. Ó ìåíÿ :

Code:

[/usr/local/root]$ free
             total       used       free     shared    buffers     cached
Mem:         30324      27788       2536          0       3900      13768
-/+ buffers/cache:      10120      20204
Swap:       265064       7056     258008

**AlekseyA** · 21-08-2008, 07:34

Ïðèñîåäèíÿþñü ê ïðåäûäóøåìó âîïðîñó, òîæå âûñêî÷èëà ñòðîêà:

-/+ buffers/cache:

Ýòî íîðìàëüíî?

**DemonGloom** · 21-08-2008, 11:22

Äà .

**Dimedrol** · 04-11-2008, 06:09

Çäðàâñòâóéòå!

Âîïðîñ:
Âî âòîðîé USB ÿ âîòêíóë âòîðóþ 256mb ôëåøêó.
Íà íåé áûëà êàêàÿ-òî ôàéëîâàÿ ñèñòåìà (FAT16 èëè FAT32) è êàêèå-òî ôàéëû.

fdisk -l äî îïåðàöèè:

Code:

[admin@WL-001BFC452FBD root]$ fdisk -l

Disk /dev/scsi/host0/bus0/target0/lun0/disc: 2112 MB, 2112352256 bytes
127 heads, 32 sectors/track, 1015 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 4064 * 512 = 2080768 bytes

                                 Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
/dev/scsi/host0/bus0/target0/lun0/part1   *           1        1016     2062812    6  FAT16
Partition 1 has different physical/logical endings:
     phys=(1023, 126, 32) logical=(1015, 21, 24)

Disk /dev/scsi/host1/bus0/target0/lun0/disc: 262 MB, 262144000 bytes
9 heads, 56 sectors/track, 1015 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 504 * 512 = 258048 bytes

                                 Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
/dev/scsi/host1/bus0/target0/lun0/part1   ?     1543921     3808821   570754815+  72  Unknown
Partition 1 has different physical/logical beginnings (non-Linux?):
     phys=(357, 116, 40) logical=(1543920, 4, 5)
Partition 1 has different physical/logical endings:
     phys=(357, 32, 45) logical=(3808820, 4, 35)
Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/scsi/host1/bus0/target0/lun0/part2   ?      334702     4176028   968014120   65  Unknown
Partition 2 has different physical/logical beginnings (non-Linux?):
     phys=(288, 115, 43) logical=(334701, 3, 51)
Partition 2 has different physical/logical endings:
     phys=(367, 114, 50) logical=(4176027, 2, 42)
Partition 2 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/scsi/host1/bus0/target0/lun0/part3   ?     3710083     7551409   968014096   79  Unknown
Partition 3 has different physical/logical beginnings (non-Linux?):
     phys=(366, 32, 33) logical=(3710082, 2, 26)
Partition 3 has different physical/logical endings:
     phys=(357, 32, 43) logical=(7551408, 0, 25)
Partition 3 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/scsi/host1/bus0/target0/lun0/part4   ?     5725558     5725668       27749+   d  Unknown
Partition 4 has different physical/logical beginnings (non-Linux?):
     phys=(372, 97, 50) logical=(5725557, 7, 33)
Partition 4 has different physical/logical endings:
     phys=(0, 10, 0) logical=(5725667, 8, 35)
Partition 4 does not end on cylinder boundary.

Partition table entries are not in disk order
[admin@WL-001BFC452FBD root]$

Âûïîëíèë êîìàíäû -

Code:

[admin@WL-001BFC452FBD root]$ mkswap /dev/discs/disc1/disc
Setting up swapspace version 1, size = 262139904 bytes
[admin@WL-001BFC452FBD root]$ swapon /dev/discs/disc1/disc
[admin@WL-001BFC452FBD root]$

Îøèáîê íå âûäàë.
Ïåðåä ýòèì flash-êó íå ôîðìàòèðîâàë.
Êàê ïîíÿòü, ÷òî ó ìåíÿ çàðàáîòàë (èëè íå çàðàáîòàë!) swap ðàçäåë?

fdisk -l ïîñëå îïåðàöèè:

Code:

[admin@WL-001BFC452FBD root]$ fdisk -l

Disk /dev/scsi/host0/bus0/target0/lun0/disc: 2112 MB, 2112352256 bytes
127 heads, 32 sectors/track, 1015 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 4064 * 512 = 2080768 bytes

                                 Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
/dev/scsi/host0/bus0/target0/lun0/part1   *           1        1016     2062812    6  FAT16
Partition 1 has different physical/logical endings:
     phys=(1023, 126, 32) logical=(1015, 21, 24)

Disk /dev/scsi/host1/bus0/target0/lun0/disc: 262 MB, 262144000 bytes
9 heads, 56 sectors/track, 1015 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 504 * 512 = 258048 bytes

                                 Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
/dev/scsi/host1/bus0/target0/lun0/part1   ?     1543921     3808821   570754815+  72  Unknown
Partition 1 has different physical/logical beginnings (non-Linux?):
     phys=(357, 116, 40) logical=(1543920, 4, 5)
Partition 1 has different physical/logical endings:
     phys=(357, 32, 45) logical=(3808820, 4, 35)
Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/scsi/host1/bus0/target0/lun0/part2   ?      334702     4176028   968014120   65  Unknown
Partition 2 has different physical/logical beginnings (non-Linux?):
     phys=(288, 115, 43) logical=(334701, 3, 51)
Partition 2 has different physical/logical endings:
     phys=(367, 114, 50) logical=(4176027, 2, 42)
Partition 2 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/scsi/host1/bus0/target0/lun0/part3   ?     3710083     7551409   968014096   79  Unknown
Partition 3 has different physical/logical beginnings (non-Linux?):
     phys=(366, 32, 33) logical=(3710082, 2, 26)
Partition 3 has different physical/logical endings:
     phys=(357, 32, 43) logical=(7551408, 0, 25)
Partition 3 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/scsi/host1/bus0/target0/lun0/part4   ?     5725558     5725668       27749+   d  Unknown
Partition 4 has different physical/logical beginnings (non-Linux?):
     phys=(372, 97, 50) logical=(5725557, 7, 33)
Partition 4 has different physical/logical endings:
     phys=(0, 10, 0) logical=(5725667, 8, 35)
Partition 4 does not end on cylinder boundary.

Partition table entries are not in disk order
[admin@WL-001BFC452FBD root]$

Ó ìåíÿ çàðàáîòàë swap??
Âñ¸ ëè êîððåêòíî ñîçäàëîñü, âåðñÿè, òàì èëè ÷òî-òî åùå...?

**SpiderX** · 04-11-2008, 06:36

[root@Router root]$ free
total used free shared buffers cached
Mem: 30164 29512 652 0 492 18268
-/+ buffers/cache: 10752 19412
Swap: 522104 10444 511660

Âûïîëíèòü òî, ÷òî æèðíûì êóðñèâîì âûäåëåíî.

**Dimedrol** · 04-11-2008, 07:57

Âûïîëíèë:

Code:

[admin@WL-001BFC452FBD root]$ free
              total         used         free       shared      buffers
  Mem:        30164        15240        14924            0         1688
 Swap:       255992            0       255992
Total:       286156        15240       270916
[admin@WL-001BFC452FBD root]$

Ýòî çíà÷èò ÷òî swap ðàáîòàåò?

**SpiderX** · 04-11-2008, 08:15

Originally Posted by Dimedrol

Âûïîëíèë:

Code:

[admin@WL-001BFC452FBD root]$ free
              total         used         free       shared      buffers
  Mem:        30164        15240        14924            0         1688
 Swap:       255992            0       255992
Total:       286156        15240       270916
[admin@WL-001BFC452FBD root]$

Ýòî çíà÷èò ÷òî swap ðàáîòàåò?

used
0
Ýòî çíà÷èò, ÷òî îí íå ðàáîòàåò.

**Dimedrol** · 04-11-2008, 09:01

Íó, î÷åâèäíî, ÷òî ïðîñòî õâàòàåò îïåðàòèâêè.
Ò.å. íóæíî çàãðóçèòü ÷åì-òî ñèñòåìó, ÷òîáû ïîíÿòü ÁÓÄÅÒ ëè èñïîëüçîâàòüñÿ swap èëè íåò.
Ïðàâèëüíî?

**SpiderX** · 04-11-2008, 09:48

Íó, î÷åâèäíî, ÷òî ïðîñòî õâàòàåò îïåðàòèâêè.

Íó, äëÿ ìåíÿ, íàïðèìåð, ýòî íå òàê î÷åâèäíî. Íàñêîëüêî ìíå ïîìíèòñÿ, ìåíåäæåð ïàìÿòè â ëèíóêñ çàäåéñòâóåò ñâîï â ëþáîì ñëó÷àå.

Ò.å. íóæíî çàãðóçèòü ÷åì-òî ñèñòåìó, ÷òîáû ïîíÿòü ÁÓÄÅÒ ëè èñïîëüçîâàòüñÿ swap èëè íåò.
Ïðàâèëüíî?

Ïîïðîáóéòå, åñëè îõîòî ïîýêñïåðèìåíòèðîâàòü.
Ìíå ëè÷íî èíòåðåñíî, ÷òî èç ýòîãî âûéäåò.
Òîëüêî âîò íå ïîíÿòíî, êàêàÿ öåëü âñåãî ýòîãî?
Ïîýêñïåðèìåíòèðîâàòü. ×òî ïîëó÷èòñÿ, åñëè âêëþ÷èòü ñâîï íà "ëåâîé" (äëÿ ñâîïà) ôàéëîâîé ñèñòåìå. Ìîãó ïðåäïîëîæèòü, ÷òî êîãäà ÿäðî ïîïûòàåòñÿ òóäà ÷òî-òî çàïèñàòü íè÷åãî õîðîøåãî èç ýòîé çàòåè íå âûéäåò, íó èëè êàê ìèíèìóì óïàäåò ïðîèçâîäèòåëüíîñòü.
Ïîëó÷èòü íîðìàëüíûé ñâîï. Òîãäà íà ôîðóìå åñòü êó÷à ìàíóàëîâ, êîòîðûå ñâîäÿòñÿ ê ïðîñòûì âåùàì.
1. Ñîçäàòü ðàçäåë (ôàéë) ïîä ñâîï.
2. Ôîðìàòíóòü ðàçäåë (è íå âî ÷òî-òî à èìåííî â swap).
3. Ïðîïèñàòü ðàçäåë â fstab
4. Â pre-mount äîáàâèòü swapon -a

**vectorm** · 04-11-2008, 11:26

swap åñòü, íî íåçàäåéñòâîâàí.
Èñïîëüçóåòñÿ îòíþäü íå âñåãäà. Åñëè ñèñòåìå õâàòàåò ïàìÿòè íà âñå, òî â ñâîï íè÷åãî íå ïàäàåò.
Åñëè áû ñâîïà íå áûëî, òî âî âñåõ òðåõ ñòîëáöàõ áûëè áû íóëè.

**EugeenB** · 04-11-2008, 12:57

Originally Posted by Dimedrol

Ó ìåíÿ çàðàáîòàë swap??
Âñ¸ ëè êîððåêòíî ñîçäàëîñü, âåðñÿè, òàì èëè ÷òî-òî åùå...?

Íå íðàâèòüñÿ ìíå ñîáùåíèÿ fdisk -l ïî ïîâîäó âàøåé ôëåøêè ïîä ñâîï.
Ïîïðîáóéòå ïåðåä
mkswap
ñäåëàòü

Code:

fdisk /dev/scsi/host1/bus0/target0/lun0/disc
"o" "w"
fdisk /dev/scsi/host1/bus0/target0/lun0/disc
"n" "p" "1" Enter Enter
"t" "1" "82"
"w"

äëÿ ñîçäàíèÿ ïðàâèëüíîé òàáëèöû ðàçäåëîâ è åäèíñòâåííîãî ðàçäåëà ïî ñâîï. À óæå ïîòîì
mkswap /dev/scsi/host1/bus0/target0/lun0/part1

**Dimedrol** · 04-11-2008, 13:38

Åâãåíèé, ñäåëàë âñ¸, êàê Âû íàïèñàëè.
Â êîíå÷íîì èòîãå èìååì:

Code:

[admin@WL-001BFC452FBD tmp]$ fdisk -l

Disk /dev/scsi/host0/bus0/target0/lun0/disc: 2112 MB, 2112352256 bytes
127 heads, 32 sectors/track, 1015 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 4064 * 512 = 2080768 bytes

                                 Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
/dev/scsi/host0/bus0/target0/lun0/part1   *           1        1016     2062812    6  FAT16
Partition 1 has different physical/logical endings:
     phys=(1023, 126, 32) logical=(1015, 21, 24)

Disk /dev/scsi/host1/bus0/target0/lun0/disc: 262 MB, 262144000 bytes
9 heads, 56 sectors/track, 1015 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 504 * 512 = 258048 bytes

                                 Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
/dev/scsi/host1/bus0/target0/lun0/part1               1        1015      255752   82  Linux swap
[admin@WL-001BFC452FBD tmp]$
[admin@WL-001BFC452FBD tmp]$
[admin@WL-001BFC452FBD tmp]$
[admin@WL-001BFC452FBD tmp]$ free
              total         used         free       shared      buffers
  Mem:        30164        17868        12296            0         1840
 Swap:       255744            0       255744
Total:       285908        17868       268040
[admin@WL-001BFC452FBD tmp]$

Ýòî óæå õîðîøî?

**EugeenB** · 05-11-2008, 21:44

Originally Posted by Dimedrol

Åâãåíèé, ñäåëàë âñ¸, êàê Âû íàïèñàëè.
Â êîíå÷íîì èòîãå èìååì:

Code:

[admin@WL-001BFC452FBD tmp]$ fdisk -l
[...]
Disk /dev/scsi/host1/bus0/target0/lun0/disc: 262 MB, 262144000 bytes
9 heads, 56 sectors/track, 1015 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 504 * 512 = 258048 bytes
                                 Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
/dev/scsi/host1/bus0/target0/lun0/part1               1        1015      255752   82  Linux swap

[admin@WL-001BFC452FBD tmp]$ free
              total         used         free       shared      buffers
  Mem:        30164        17868        12296            0         1840
 Swap:       255744            0       255744
Total:       285908        17868       268040

Ýòî óæå õîðîøî?

Äà. Òàê ãîðàçäî áîëåå öèâèëèçîâàíî.

**DarkSide** · 15-04-2009, 00:43

Åñòü usb-ôëåø íà 2Ãá. 512 Ìá âûäåëåíî ïîä ðàçäåë linux-swap, îñòàëüíîå ïîä /opt. Ðàçäåëû ïðèìàóí÷åíû ÷åðåç fstab. Âñå îòëè÷íî ðàáîòàåò ïîêà íå çàïóñêàþ òîððåíò. ×åðåç íåêîòîðûé ïðîìåæóòîê âðåìåíè (ïàðó ìèíóò - ïàðó ÷àñîâ) â ëîãå ïîÿâëÿþòñÿ òàêèå îøèáêè:

Code:

Apr 15 02:20:09 kernel: scsi0: ERROR on channel 0, id 0, lun 0, CDB: 0x28 00 00 00 48 bf 00 00 40 00
Apr 15 02:20:09 kernel: Info fld=0x0, Current sd08:01: sns = f0  3
Apr 15 02:20:09 kernel: ASC=11 ASCQ= 0
Apr 15 02:20:09 kernel: Raw sense data:0xf0 0x00 0x03 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x0a 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x11 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00
Apr 15 02:20:09 kernel:  I/O error: dev 08:01, sector 18560
Apr 15 02:20:09 kernel: scsi0: ERROR on channel 0, id 0, lun 0, CDB: 0x28 00 00 00 48 c7 00 00 38 00
Apr 15 02:20:09 kernel: Info fld=0x0, Current sd08:01: sns = f0  3
Apr 15 02:20:09 kernel: ASC=11 ASCQ= 0
Apr 15 02:20:09 kernel: Raw sense data:0xf0 0x00 0x03 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x0a 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x11 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00
Apr 15 02:20:09 kernel:  I/O error: dev 08:01, sector 18568
Apr 15 02:20:09 kernel: scsi0: ERROR on channel 0, id 0, lun 0, CDB: 0x28 00 00 00 48 cf 00 00 30 00
Apr 15 02:20:09 kernel: Info fld=0x0, Current sd08:01: sns = f0  3
Apr 15 02:20:09 kernel: ASC=11 ASCQ= 0
Apr 15 02:20:09 kernel: Raw sense data:0xf0 0x00 0x03 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x0a 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x11 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00
Apr 15 02:20:09 kernel:  I/O error: dev 08:01, sector 18576

Ïîñëå ÷åãî, îïÿòü æå, ÷åðåç íåêîòîðîå âðåìÿ 100% âûëåòàåò rTorrent è èíîãäà lighttpd.

Ôëåøêà íå áèòàÿ, ïðîâåðåííàÿ. Òîò æå e2fsck îøèáîê íå íàõîäèò.

Êàê ïîáîðîòü ýòó ïðîáëåìó? Ñèë áîëüøå íåò ïðîâåðÿòü õåø íåäîêà÷åííûõ òîððåíòîâ ïîñëå ðåñòàðòîâ.

P.S.
Äåâàéñ - WL500g V2 Premium
Ñàìè òîððåíòû õðàíÿòñÿ íà usb-hdd íà ïîðòó scsi1. scsi0 - ýòî usb-flash. id 0, lun 0 - ýòî swap-ðàçäåë

fdisk -l

Code:

Disk /dev/scsi/host0/bus0/target0/lun0/disc: 2051 MB, 2051013632 bytes
33 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1926 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 2079 * 512 = 1064448 bytes

                                 Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
/dev/scsi/host0/bus0/target0/lun0/part1               1         482      501007+  82  Linux swap
/dev/scsi/host0/bus0/target0/lun0/part2             483        1926     1501038   83  Linux

Disk /dev/scsi/host1/bus0/target0/lun0/disc: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

                                 Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
/dev/scsi/host1/bus0/target0/lun0/part1               1       60801   488384032   83  Linux

cat /etc/fstab

Code:

#device                 Mountpoint              FStype  Options         Dump    Pass
/dev/discs/disc0/part1  none                    swap    sw              0       0
/dev/discs/disc0/part2  /opt                    ext3    rw,noatime      1       1
/dev/discs/disc1/part1  /tmp/mnt/hdd            ext3    rw,noatime      1       1

free (ïîñëå îøèáîê, âî âðåìÿ ðàáîòû òîððåíòà)

Code:

             total       used       free     shared    buffers     cached
Mem:         30156      29604        552          0        760      19524
-/+ buffers/cache:       9320      20836
Swap:       500996      14840     486156

Ïðîøèâêà Pre-alpha 10.7, íî òå æå ïðîáëåìû áûëè è íà ïîñëåäíåé stable âåðñèè.

×òî åùå íóæíî äëÿ äèàãíîñòèêè?

**vectorm** · 15-04-2009, 18:40

Íóæíî ñâîï íà HDD ïåðåíåñòè. Ôëåøêà "óñòàëà" óæå.

Thread: Âîïðîñ ïðî Swap (ñâîï)

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