FAQ: ×àñòî çàäàâàåìûå âîïðîñû

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Çäåñü îïèñûâàåòñÿ àëüòåðíàòèâíûé ñïîñîá âîññòàíîâëåíèÿ áåç èñïîëüçîâàíèÿ óòèëèòû îò ÀÑÓÑòåêà.

Ïðèãîòîâëåíèå:
1) Âûêëþ÷èòü ïèòàíèå óñòðîéñòâà;
2) Íàæàòü êíîïêó RESTORE è óäåðæèâàÿ å¸ âêëþ÷èòü ïèòàíèå óñòðîéñòâà
3) Äîæäàòüñÿ, êîãäà íà÷í¸ò ìèãàòü èíäèêàòîð POWER (ïðèìåðíî 1 ñåêóíäà) è îòïóñòèòü êíîïêó
4) Âçÿòü ñåòåâîé êàáåëü (âèòóþ ïàðó), ïîäêëþ÷èòü îäèí õâîñò â ëþáîé èç LAN ïîðòîâ óñòðîéñòâà, äðóãîé ê ñåòåâîìó àäàïòåðó Âàøåãî ÏÊ
5)  Windows äëÿ ïðîòîêîëà TCP/IP íàçíà÷èòü àäàïòåðó àäðåñ 192.168.1.2 ñ ñåòåâîé ìàñêîé 255.255.255.0 (â ñëó÷àå, åñëè ó óñòðîéñòâà áûë àäðåñ 192.168.1.1)
6) Çàïóñòèòü cmd.exe
7) Ïðîâåðèòü, ÷òî åñòü ñâÿçü ñ óñòðîéñòâîì, âûïîëíèâ êîìàíäó

ping 192.168.1.1

Äîëæíî ïîÿâèòñÿ íå÷òî ïîõîæåå íà

Pinging 192.168.1.1 with 32 bytes of data:

Reply from 192.168.1.1: bytes=32 time=2ms TTL=100

Ping statistics for 192.168.1.1:
    Packets: Sent = 1, Received = 1, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
    Minimum = 2ms, Maximum = 2ms, Average = 2ms
Control-C
^C

Æì¸ì Control-C, êîãäà íàäîåñò
Îáðàùàåì âíèìàíèå íà TTL=100 - ýòî îòâå÷àåò âñòðîåííûé çàãðóç÷èê.
8) Âîññòàíàâëèâàåì ïðîøèâêó (ïðîøèâêà.trx íóæíî çàìåíèòü íà èìÿ ôàéëà ñ ïðîøèâêîé)

tftp -i 192.168.1.1 put ïðîøèâêà.trx

Æä¸ì íåñêîëüêî ñåêóíä, âûâàëèâàåòñÿ íàäïèñü òèïà

Transfer successful: 3706880 bytes in 7 seconds, 529554 bytes/s

9) Æä¸ì îò 2-õ ìèíóò äî 10-òè, ïîêà ïðîøèâêà íå çàïðîãðàììèðóåòñÿ è íå çàãîðèòñÿ èíäèêàòîð AIR - óñòðîéñòâî çàãðóçèëîñü. Åñëè ÷åðåç 10 ìèíóò AIR íå çàãîðåëñÿ, òî íåîáõîäèìî âêëþ÷èòü/âûêëþ÷èòü ðîóòåð - àâòîçàãðóçêà íå ñðàáîòàëà ïî êàêîé-òî ïðè÷èíå.

Çàìå÷àíèå: Âëàäåëüöàì ÏÊ ñ Windows Vista: óìåëüöû â ìàéêðîñîôòå îïÿòü óäèâèëè: tftp êëèåíò (ðîâíî êàê è telnet) ìîæåò îòñóòñòâîâàòü ïðè íà÷àëüíîé óñòàíîâêå. Åãî íóæíî äîóñòàíîâèòü, ïîñåòèâ Ïàíåëü óïðàâëåíèÿ è âûáðàâ "Ïðîãðàììû è ...".

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Êàêàÿ ïðîøèâêà íóæíà äëÿ âàøåé ìîäåëè ðîóòåðà?

Ïðîøèâêè îò Îëåãà: http://oleg.wl500g.info/pre10a/

• Äëÿ WL500g (c LPT/USB 1.1) ïðîøèâêè èìåþò èìÿ WL500g-...
• Äëÿ WL500b (c LPT/USB 1.1) ïðîøèâêè èìåþò èìÿ WL500b-...
• Äëÿ WL500g v2 (c WiFi Ralink) (c LPT/USB 1.1): WL500bv2-...
• Äëÿ WL500g Deluxe (wl500gd/wl500gx): WL500gx-...
• Äëÿ WL550g Encore: WL550gE-...
• Äëÿ WL320g Encore: WL320gE-...
• Äëÿ WL320g Premium: WL320gP-...
• Äëÿ WL500g Premium: WL500gp-...
• Äëÿ WL500W: WL500W-...
• Äëÿ WL-HDD: WLHDD-...

http://oleg.wl500g.info/devices.html

Ïðîøèâêè îò ýíòóçèàñòîâ (lly&theMIROn): http://wl500g.googlecode.com/

MIPS R1

• äëÿ WL500gD: WL500gx-1.9.2.7-d-rXXXX.trx
• äëÿ WL320gE: WL320gE-1.9.2.7-d-rXXXX.trx
• äëÿ WL320gP: WL320gP-1.9.2.7-d-rXXXX.trx
• äëÿ WL330gE: WL330gE-1.9.2.7-d-rXXXX.trx
• äëÿ WL550gE: WL550gE-1.9.2.7-d-rXXXX.trx
• äëÿ WL520gU: WL520gu-1.9.2.7-d-rXXXX.trx
• äëÿ WL500gPv1:
  
  • WL500gp-1.9.2.7-d-rXXXX.trx
  • WL500gp-1.9.2.7-rtn-rXXXX.trx
• äëÿ WL500gPv2:
  
  • WL500gpv2-1.9.2.7-d-rXXXX.trx
  • WL500gpv2-1.9.2.7-rtn-rXXXX.trx
• äëÿ WL500W:
  
  • WL500W-1.9.2.7-d-rXXXX.trx
  • WL500W-1.9.2.7-rtn-rXXXX.trx
• äëÿ WL700g (8MB):
  
  • WL700g-1.9.2.7-d-rXXXX.trx
  • WL700g-1.9.2.7-rtn-rXXXX.trx

MIPS R2

• äëÿ RT-N10: RT-N10-1.9.2.7-rtn-rXXXX.trx
• äëÿ RT-N10U: RT-N10U-1.9.2.7-rtn-rXXXX.trx
• äëÿ RT-N10UB: RT-N10U-1.9.2.7-rtn-rXXXX.trx
• äëÿ RT-N12: RT-N12-1.9.2.7-rtn-rXXXX.trx
• äëÿ RT-N12B1: RT-N12B1-1.9.2.7-rtn-rXXXX.trx
• äëÿ RT-N15U: RT-N15U-1.9.2.7-rtn-rXXXX.trx
• äëÿ RT-N16: RT-N16-1.9.2.7-rtn-rXXXX.trx

Ïðîøèâêè îò Vampik: http://vampik.ru/

• äëÿ DIR-320: DIR320-1.9.2.7-d-rXXXXM.trx
• äëÿ WNR3500L: WNR3500L-1.9.2.7-rtn-rXXXXM.trx

Ñêà÷àòü ïðîøèâêè ìîæíî çäåñü:

http://wl500g.googlecode.com/
http://asus.vectormm.net/rtn/
http://wpte.kicks-ass.net/downloads/...ware/Nightlys/
http://vampik.ru/wl500g/rtn/
http://rtn.alegzz.ru/

Íà ñòðàíèöå Upgrade íàïèñàíà ìîäåëü Âàøåãî óñòðîéñòâà, ñìîòðèòå âíèìàòåëüíî!
Íå ïûòàéòåñü ïðîøèòü ÷óæóþ ïðîøèâêó! Ñàìà ïðîøèâêà - ôàéë ñ ðàñøèðåíèåì .trx,
ïðè ñêà÷êå ïðîøèâêè â âèäå zip èëè gz-ôàéëà - ïðåäâàðèòåëüíî ðàç'àðõèâèðóéòå åãî.

Ïðåäóïðåæäåíèå âëàäåëüöàì îáû÷íûõ Premium (v1): íå øåéòå ïðîøèâêó îò v2!
Åñëè ÷òî-òî ïîéä¸ò íå òàê, òî ïîëó÷èòå òðóïèê. Êíîïêà ñáðîñà â äåôîëò íå áóäåò ðàáîòàòü! Æåëåçî îòëè÷àåòñÿ!

Ïîñëå ïåðâîé ïðîøèâêè óñòðîéñòâà íåîáõîäèìî îáÿçàòåëüíî ñáðîñèòü åãî â äåôîëò ëèáî êíîïêîé, ëèáî èç ìåíþ.



http://code.google.com/p/wl500g/wiki/Devices * Devices ASUS WL/RTN Routers

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Åñëè Âàø ïðîâàéäåð ðàçäà¸ò Èíòåðíåò ÷åðåç WiFi, òî Âàì íåîáõîäèìî íà ñòðàíèöå Wireless | Advanced, â ïîëå Extended Mode âûáðàòü Ethernet Bridge.

Ïîñëå ýòîãî áåñïðîâîäíûé èíòåðôåéñ áóäåò âûïîëíÿòü ðîëü WAN ïîðòà, à WAN ïîðò áóäåò îáúåäèí¸í ñ LAN.

Íàñòðîéêà ïðîèçâîäèòñÿ êàê îáû÷íî.

Âàæíî: ïîñêîëüêó àäàïòåð ïåðåâîäèòñÿ â êëèåíòñêèé ðåæèì, ó Âàñ ïðîïàä¸ò âîçìîæíîñòü ïîäêëþ÷àòüñÿ ê ðîóòåðó ÷åðåç áåñïðîâîäíóþ ñåòü.

avk added:
Êðîìå òîãî, ÷òî â îòëè÷èå îò äåôîëòíûõ íóæíî âûñòàâèòü Ethernet Bridge, ñëåäóåò íà ñòðàíèöå Wireless - Interface óêàçàòü SSID (ò.å. èìÿ òîé òî÷êè, ê êîòîðîé íóæíî ïðèñîåäèíèòüñÿ) è åùå ñîîòâåòñòâóþùèå ïàðàìåòðû øèôðîâàíèÿ.

Ñïèñîê äîñòóïíûõ ñåòåé - íà ñòðàíèöå System Command ïî êîìàíäå:

wl scan && sleep 1 && wl scanresults

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Êîðîòêî äëÿ òåõ, êòî íå ÷èòàåò ìàíóàë èëè íå â ëàäàõ ñ àíãëèéñêèì.

Äëÿ ñáðîñà óñòðîéñòâà â äåôîëò (192.168.1.1, admin/admin) íàäî íà ðàáîòàþùåì óñòðîéñòâå (ïðèìåðíî ÷åðåç 30 ñåê ïîñëå âêëþ÷åíèÿ ïèòàíèÿ)
íàæàòü îñòðûì ïðåäìåòîì íà êíîïêó RESET/RESTORE (íà çàäíåé ïàíåëè, å¸ íàçâàíèå çàâèñèò îò ìîäåëè) è óäåðæèâàòü äî òåõ ïîð, ïîêà èíäèêàòîð
POWER íå íà÷í¸ò ìèãàòü è ëèøü â ýòîò ìîìåíò îòïóñòèòü. Ïîñëå ñáðîñà óñòðîéñòâî àâòîìàòîì ïåðåãðóçèòñÿ.

Îáðàùàþ âíèìàíèå, ÷òî ñíà÷àëà ðåàêöèè íèêàêîé íå áóäåò (POWER áóäåò ãîðåòü, çàùèòà îò äóðàêà),
çàòåì îí ìîæåò ïðîñòî ïîãàñíóòü íà íåñêîëüêî ñåêóíä, ïðîäîëæàéòå óäåðæèâàòü êíîïêó.

http://www.hub.ru/wiki/Êàê_ïðîøèòü_ìàðøðóòèçàòîð#Ñáðîñ íàñòðîåê ðîóòåðà â äåôîëò

Âîññòàíîâèòåëüíûå ïðîøèâêè

Ïðîøèâêè áðàòü òóò:
http://wl500g.dyndns.org/wl500g-clear-nvram.trx
http://wl500g.dyndns.org/wl500g-recover.trx

Êàê øèòü ïî tftp - åñòü â FAQ Îëåãà.
Âîò äî êó÷è: (ìàíóàë ïî âîññòàíîâëåíèþ)
http://wl500g.info/showpost.php?p=112089&postcount=11

http://www.hub.ru/wiki/Ïðîøèâêè_äëÿ_âîññòàíîâëåíèÿ

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Íà÷èíàÿ ñ ïðîøèâêè 1.9.2.7-7g ðîóòåð ìîæåò âûñòóïàòü â ðîëè IGMP Proxy, ò.å. ïðîïóñêàòü ìóëüòèêàñòíûé òðàôèê ÷åðåç ñåáÿ.

Äëÿ åãî âêëþ÷åíèÿ íåîáõîäèìî íà ñòðàíèöå IP Config | Route âûáðàòü Yes äëÿ Enable Multicast routing.  îáùåì-òî, íà ýòîì íàñòðîéêà çàêîí÷åíà è âñ¸ äîëæíî çàðàáîòàòü â ïðîñòåéøåì ñëó÷àå, êîãäà, íàïðèìåð, ó Âàñ óæå ïðîïèñàíû âñå ìàðøðóòû äëÿ "ëîêàëêè" ïðîâàéäåðà èëè èñòî÷íèê ìóëüòèêàñòà íàõîäÿòñÿ íåïîñðåäñòâåííî â Âàøåé ñåòè. Äîïîëíåíèå: íà÷èíàÿ ñ âåðñèè 1.9.2.7-8 íèêàêèõ ìàðøðóòîâ áîëüøå ïðîïèñûâàòü ÍÅ íóæíî.

Åäèíñòâåííîå, ÷òî ñòîèò åù¸ ñäåëàòü - çàäàòü ñêîðîñòü ìóëüòèêàñòà â WiFi ñåòè (ýòî íóæíî, åñëè Âû áóäåòå ñìîòðåòü Ò ÷åðåç WiFi èëè îáíàðóæèòå, ÷òî âî âðåìÿ ðàáîòû Ò áåñïðîâîäíàÿ ñåòü ðàáîòàåò ñ çàäåðæêàìè). Äëÿ ýòîãî èä¸ì íà ñòðàíè÷êó Wireless | Advanced è èçìåíÿåì çíà÷åíèå â ïîëå Multicast Rate. Íàñ èíòåðåñóþò çíà÷åíèÿ îò 24 äî 54 MBps, ÷åì íèæå - òåì ñòàáèëüíåå ñâÿçü, íî òåì óæå êàíàë.  îáùåì èùèòå êîìïðîìèñ, ìåæäó ñêîðîñòüþ è êà÷åñòâîì êàðòèíêè.

Âñ¸ ÷òî íèæå îòíîñèòñÿ ê âåðñèÿì äî 1.9.2.7-8 è â áîëåå ïîçäíèõ âûïîëíÿòü íå òðåáóåòñÿ
×òî äåëàòü, åñëè íè÷åãî íå ðàáîòàåò è íàñòðîåê äëÿ Âàøåé ñåòè Âû íå íàøëè?

• Ñíà÷àëà íóæíî óáåäèòüñÿ, ÷òî Ò ðàáîòàåò ïðè ïðÿìîì ïîäêëþ÷åíèè;
•  ñëó÷àå, åñëè ó Âàñ èñïîëüçóåòñÿ PPPoE íóæíî óáåäèòüñÿ, ÷òî ïðîâàéäåð âûäà¸ò Âàì àäðåñ äëÿ MAN èíòåðôåéñà (÷èòàòü îòñþäà http://wl500g.info/showthread.php?t=7012&page=17) ( ñëó÷àå PPTP, DHCP, Static IP ýòî àâòîìàòîì òàê, èíà÷å áû íå ðàáîòàëà "ëîêàëêà" èëè èíòåðíåò);
• Îïðåäåëèòü àäðåñ èñòî÷íèêà ìóëüòèêàñòà (÷èòàòü íèæå) è äîáàâèòü ìàðøðóò ê íåìó;
• Åñëè ðàáîòàåò, íî ÷åðåç íåêîòîðîå âðåìÿ êàðòèíêà îñòàíàâëèâàåòñÿ, òî îïðåäåëèòü àäðåñ IGMP ðîóòåðà ïðîâàéäåðà è äîáàâòü ìàðøðóò ê íåìó.

Ïî ìàðøðóòàì: åñëè ó Âàñ â ñåòè åñòü "ëîêàëêà", òî êàê ïðàâèëî, ïðîâàéäåð ðàñïðîñòðàíÿåò .bat ôàéëû ñî ñïèñêîì ìàðøðóòîâ. Èõ íóæíî âáèòü â òàáëè÷êó ìàðøðóòîâ äëÿ ñåòè MAN ñ ìåòðèêîé 0. Ïîñëå òîãî, êàê Âû èç äîáàâèòå, âîçìîæíî âñ¸ çàðàáîòàåò ñàìî.

Êàê îïðåäåëèòü àäðåñ èñòî÷íèêà ìóëüòèêàñòà. Ñàìûé ïðîñòîé ñïîñîá - ñïðîñèòü ó ïðîâàéäåðà. Ñðàçó õî÷ó ñêàçàòü, ÷òî àäðåñà 224.x.x.x - 239.x.x.x - ýòî íå èñòî÷íèê, à àäðåñ ìóëüòèêàñò ãðóïïû. Äîáàâëÿòü ìàðøðóò ê íåé ÍÅ íóæíî. Åñëè Âàì õî÷åòñÿ îïðåäåëèòü ñàìîìó àäðåñ èñòî÷íèêà, òî äåëàåòñÿ ýòî òàê:

Ïðåäïîëîæèì, ÷òî âåùàíèå êàêîãî-òî êàíàëà ÒÂ îñóùåñòâëÿåòñÿ â ìóëüòèêàñò ãðóïïå 233.32.210.1 ïî ïðîòîêîëó UDP, ïîðò 5500.
Çàõîäèòå íà ðîóòåð ñ ïîìîùüþ telnet èëè ssh (telnet 192.168.1.1) è âûïîëíÿåòå êîìàíäó

tcpdump -i $(nvram get wan_ifname) -n -p udp port 5500 and host 233.32.210.1

Äàëüøå çàïóñêàåòå ÒÂ, âêëþ÷àåòå ýòîò êàíàë è ñìîòðèòå íà âûâîä ðîóòåðà. Äîëæíû "ïîëåòåòü" îäíîòèïíûå ïàêåòû ïðèìåðíî òàêîãî ñîäåðæàíèÿ:

00:20:07.717562 IP 85.21.91.195.32770 > 233.32.210.1.5050: UDP, length: 1316

 ëåâîé ÷àñòè - àäðåñ èñòî÷íèêà (85.21.91.195). Äàëåå, Âû äîëæíû ïðîäåëàòü òîæå ñàìîå äëÿ äðóãèõ êàíàëîâ. Êàê ïðàâèëî, âûÿñíÿåòñÿ, ÷òî ëèáî èñòî÷íèê îäèí, ëèáî îíè âñå â îäíîé ñåòè - â äàííîì ñëó÷àå 85.21.91.0/255.255.255.0 (ýòî Êîðáèíà).
Òåïåðü ïðèìåíÿåòå ñâîè íîâûå çíàíèÿ íà ñòðàíèöå IP Config | Route. Äîáàâëÿåòå çàïèñü âèäà

85.21.91.0 255.255.255.0 0.0.0.0 0 MAN

â òàáëèöó. 0.0.0.0 - àäðåñ äåôîëòíîãî ãåéòâåÿ ïðè èñïîëüçîâàíèè PPTP+DHCP, L2TP+DHCP, PPPoE+DHCP, DHCP.

Ñîõðàíÿåòå, äåëàåòå Finish, ðîóòåð ïåðåãðóæàåòñÿ, ïðîáóåòå åù¸ ðàç.

Òåïåðü îíî ëèáî îêîí÷àòåëüíî ðàáîòàåò, ëèáî â êàêîé-òî ìîìåíò òðàíñëÿöèÿ îñòàíàâëèâàåòñÿ. Ïðè÷èíà - íå õâàòàåò ìàðøðóòà äî IGMP ðîóòåðà, ñëåäÿùåãî çà ïîäïèñêàìè êëèåíòîâ (íàïðèìåð, òàêàÿ ñèòóàöèÿ ñî ÑòðèìÒÂ).

Êàê îïðåäåëèòü àäðåñ ñëåäÿùåãî IGMP ðîóòåðà.
Çàïóñêàåì íà ðîóòåðå:

tcpdump -i $(nvram get wan_ifname) -p igmp -n

Ñìîòðèì òåëåâèçîð. È íàáëþäàåì çà âûâîäîì. Íàñ èíòåðåñóåò, êòî äåëàåò igmp query:

22:28:56.543469 IP 93.61.0.38 > 239.255.0.100: igmp v2 report 239.255.0.100
22:28:57.173465 IP 93.61.0.38 > 239.255.255.250: igmp v2 report 239.255.255.250
22:30:56.616203 IP 10.39.36.10 > 224.0.0.1: igmp query v2

93.61.0.38 - ìîé ðîóòåð. igmp report - ýòî îí ïîäïèñûâàåòñÿ íà òðàôèê.

Ó ìåíÿ òîëüêî 10.39.36.10 äåëàåò query. Äëÿ ýòîãî àäðåñà ïðîïèñûâàåì ìàðøðóò:

10.39.36.10 255.255.255.255 0.0.0.0 0 MAN

Çàïóñêàåì åù¸ ðàç. Âèäèì, ÷òî ïîñëå ïîëó÷åíèÿ îò ýòîé ìàøèíû çàïðîñà ðîóòåð, ñ çàäåðæêîé "ïåðåïîäïèñûâàåòñÿ" íà âåùàíèå.

Âñ¸, áèíãî! Ðàáîòàåò.

×òî åñëè íå ðàáîòàåò? ×èòàåì ýòó âåòêó http://wl500g.info/showthread.php?t=7012 íà÷èíàÿ, ïðèìåðíî, ñ 9é ñòðàíèöû.

[al37919]

Äëÿ òîãî, ÷òîáû ñêðèïò ìîæíî áûëî âûïîëíÿòü, íåîáõîäèìî ñîáëþäåíèå íåñêîëüêèõ óñëîâèé:

• óñòàíîâèòü ó ôàéëà ïðèçíàê èñïîëíÿåìîñòè:

  chmod 755 filename

• ïåðâîé ñòðîêîé ôàéëà äîëæåí áûòü øåáàíã.  îáùåì ñëó÷àå äëÿ ôàéëîâ íà øåëë ýòî:

  #! /bin/sh

• Ñèìâîë êîíöà ñòðîêè âî âñåõ èñïîëíÿåìûõ ñêðèïòàõ äîëæíû áûòü íå <CR>+<LF> (ò.å. âîçâðàò êàðåòêè + ïåðåâîä ñòðîêè) êàê ýòîãî
  æåëàëè òóïûå ìàòðè÷íûå ïðèíòåðû è äîñ, è íå <CR> êàê ó ìàêîâ, à òîëüêî <LF> (ñòàíäàðò unix). Êîäû ñèìâîëîâ <CR> 0x0D, <LF> 0x0A.
• Ñòðîãî ãîâîðÿ, ñêîðåå âñåãî îáÿçàòåëüíûì ÿâëÿåòñÿ òîëüêî êîððåêòíûé ñèìâîë êîíöà ñòðîêè, ñîäåðæàùåé #! /bin/sh
  
  Êàê ýòîãî äîáèòüñÿ:
  
  
  • ìîæíî ñäåëàòü ñ ïîìîùüþ âñòðîåííûõ êîììàíä:

    cat filename | tr -d "\r" > filename.new; mv -f filename.new filename

  • åñëè óñòàíîâëåí mc, òî äëÿ ñîõðàíåíèÿ ôàéëà íàæèìàåì Shift-F2 è âûáèðàåì ñëåäóþùåå:
    

    Change line breaks to:
    (* ) Unix format (LF)

  • åñëè óñòàíîâëåí nano, òî ïðè ñîõðàíåíèè ( ctrl-X Y ) (â òîò ìîìåíò, êîãäà çàïðàøèâàåòñÿ èìÿ ôàéëà
    äëÿ ñîõðàíåíèÿ) ïîêàçûâàåòñÿ, ÷òî ýòî ôàéë òèïà DOS è ìîæíî ýòîò ðåæèì âûêëþ÷èòü (Esc D):

    File Name to Write [DOS Format]:

  • â ïàêåòàõ åñòü óòèëèòà flip:

    flip - 20050821-1 - Utility program to convert text files between UNIX or Mac newlines and DOS linefeed + newlines.

    èñïîëüçîâàòü åå î÷åíü ïðîñòî:

    flip -u /usr/local/sbin/post-boot

  • åñòü äàæå 2 ïëóãèíà ê far, êîòîðûå îáåùàþò äåëàòü ýòó ñàìóþ êîíâåðñèþ, ñïèñîê áåçóñëîâíî
    íå ïîëíûé, åñòü è äðóãèå âàðèàíòû.
  
  
• åñëè ñêðèïò ñîäåðæèò ñèíòàêñè÷åñêèå îøèáêè, òî åãî âûïîëíåíèå áóäåò ïðåðâàíî íà ïåðâîé èç íèõ.
  Èç ýòîãî ÷àñòî ñêëàäûâàåòñÿ âïå÷àòëåíèå, ÷òî âàø îøèáî÷íûé ñêðèïò íå çàïóñêàåòñÿ ñîâñåì.
  Äëÿ ïðîâåðêè äîáàâüòå â ôàéë ñêðèïòà ïîñëå #! /bin/sh íàïðèìåð òàêóþ ñòðîêó:

  logger -t $(basename $0) started.

  è ïîèùèòå åå â ñèñòåìíîì ëîãå.
  Åñëè ñòðîêà ïðèñóòñòâóåò, íî æåëàåìîå äåéñòâèå íå âûïîëíÿåòñÿ - èùèòå îøèáêó â ôàéëå.
• â ìèðå unix ïðè çàïóñêå ôàéëà íà âûïîëíåíèå òðåáóåòñÿ óêàçûâàòü ïîëíûé ïóòü ê ôàéëó
  çà èñêëþ÷åíèåì ôàéëîâ íàõîäÿùèõñÿ â äèðåêòîðèÿõ, ïåðå÷èñëåííûõ â ïåðåìåííîé PATH.
  Åñëè äàæå âû â äèðåêòîðèè, â êîòîðîé ëåæèò ñêðèïò, çàïóñêàéòå åãî ñëåäóþùèì îáðàçîì:

  ./filename

post-firewall è ïåðåäàâàåìûå åìó àðãóìåíòû

åñëè äîáàâèòü â post-firewall ñëåäóþùóþ ñòðî÷êó:

echo "$1 $2 $3 $4 $5 $6" > /tmp/tmp.log

òî îíà âîçâðàùàåò ñëåäóþùåå:

ppp0 83.237.166.123 br0 192.168.1.1 vlan1

òàê ÷òî ïàðàìåòðû ñîîòâåòñòâóþò:

• $1 -- WANIF
• $2 -- WANIP
• $3 -- LANIF
• $4 -- LANIP
• $5 -- MANIF
• $6 -- MANIP

Òàêèì îáðàçîì, òèïîâîå ïðàâèëî ïðîáðîñà ïîðòà (òèïà 46882) íà ìàøèíó â LAN (192.168.1.123) ïðèíèìàåò âèä:

iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p tcp -d $1/255.255.255.255 --dport 46882 -j DNAT --to 192.168.1.123:46882

[Mam(O)n]

Íåìíîãî î flashfs è èæå ñ íèì. Çäåñü ÿ õî÷ó ðàññêàçàòü, ÷òî áûëî ìíîé èçâåäàíî îòíîñèòåëüíî äàííîãî ÿâëåíèÿ.

1. Flashfs â äàííîì âèäå (åñòü è äðóãèå flashfs, íå ïóòàòü) ýòî òåõíîëîãèÿ ñîõðàíåíèÿ ÷àñòè ôàéëîâîé ñèñòåìû âî ôëåøå. Áûëà ïðèäóìàíà òî ëè asus'îì òîëè Îëåãîì è èíôîðìàöèè ïî íåé â èíòåðíåòå íå ñòîèò èñêàòü.
2. Ò.ê. êîðíåâàÿ ôàéëîâàÿ ñèñòåìà ðîóòåðà (â äàííîì ñëó÷àå ýòî sqashfs) äîñòóïíà òîëüêî äëÿ ÷òåíèÿ òî â äîïîëíåíèå ê íåé èñïîëüçóåòñÿ ramfs - ôàéëîâàÿ ñèñòåìà, íàõîäÿùàÿñÿ â îïåðàòèâíîé ïàìÿòè.
3.  äàííîé ñèñòåìå (linux îò broadcom/asus) êàòàëîã /tmp (êñòàòè /usr/local == /tmp/local, ýòî ñèìëèíê) ýòî ïîäìîíòèðîâàííàÿ ramfs è íàëè÷èå ñâîáîäíîãî ìåñòà çàâèñèò îò íàëè÷èÿ ñâîáîäíîé îïåðàòèâíîé ïàìÿòè.
4. Êîìàíäà flashfs - ýòî ñêðèïò, íàïèñàííûé Îëåãîì. Ïîýòîìó î íåì íå áóäåò íèêàêîé èíôîðìàöèè âíå ðàìîê äàííîãî ôîðóìà.
5. Ïðè êîìàíäå flashfs save â ôàéëå /tmp/flash.tar.gz ñîçäàåòñÿ ñæàòûé àðõèâ êàòàëîãà /usr/local + òóäà çàïèñûâàþòñÿ ôàéëû, èç ñïèñêà â ôàéëå /tmp/local/.files
6. Ïðè êîìàíäå flashfs commit àðõèâíûé ôàéë /tmp/flash.tar.gz ïðîøèâàåòñÿ â îòäåëüíûé ðàçäåë ôëåøà, èìåþùèé ìàêñèìàëüíûé îáúåì 64 êèëîáàéòà.  ïðîøèâêå íå ïðåäóñìîòðåíà ïðîâåðêà íà ðàçìåð àðõèâà, òàê ÷òî åñëè ôàéë ïðåâûøàåò äàííûé îáúåì òî áóäåò ïîòåðÿííà ÷àñòü äàííûõ.
   
7. Ïðè ñòàðòå ðîóòåðà àðõèâíûé ôàéë flash.tar.gz, çàïèñàííûé âî ôëåø ðàíåå ñ ïîìîùüþ flashfs save && flashfs commit ðàçâîðà÷èâàåòñÿ â /tmp/local.
   
8. Êîìàíäà flashfs enable ïðîïèñûâàåò â nvram(òîæå îòäåëüíûé ðàçäåë ôëåø, èñïîëüçóåòñÿ ïðåèìóùåñòâåííî äëÿ ñîõðàíåíèÿ íàñòðîåê âåá-èíòåðôåéñà) âåðñèþ ïðîøèâêè ïðè êîòîðîé áûë ñîçäàí àðõèâ flashfs.tar.gz è åñëè ïðîøèâêà îáíîâèëàñü òî ïðè ñòàðòå ðîóòåðà flashfs íå ðàçâîðà÷èâàåòñÿ âî èçáåæàíèå êîíôëèêòíûõ ñèòóàöèé. Ïðè ïåðâîì ñîçäàíèè flashfs èëè ïðè îáíîâëåíèè ïðîøèâêè ýòó êîìàíäó íåîáõîäèìî çàïóñòèòü äëÿ òîãî ÷òîá âêëþ÷èòü flsahfs. upd(07.11.07):  íîâîé ïðîøèâêå Îëåãà ïîÿâèëàñü êîìàíäà flashfs enabled, ïîñëå êîòîðîé íåâçèðàÿ íà âåðñèþ ïðîøèâêè, flashfs áóäåò ðàçâîðà÷èâàòüñÿ âñåãäà.

Âñå çíàíèÿ áûëè ïîëó÷åíû ìíîé â ðåçóëüòàòå ïðîá è îøèáîê è íà ïîëíîå ñîîòâåòñòâèå ñ äåéñòâèòåëüíîñòüþ íå ïðåòåíäóþò.

[Oleg]

Ïîëåçíî îòêëþ÷èòü â Âèñòå NTLMv2:

Click "Start -> Run." Then, type in the Run field: "secpol.msc." That will bring you to Vista's security policy system. Once there, use "Go to: Local Policies > Security Options" and then find "Network Security: LAN Manager" authentication level. Once there, change the Setting from "Send NTLMv2 response only" to "Send LM & NTLM -- use NTLMv2 session security if negotiated."

Íî ýòîãî îêàçàëîñü íåäîñòàòî÷íî. Ñïèñîê øàð îòîáðàæàòüñÿ âñ¸ ðàâíî íå îòîáðàæàåòñÿ. Äîñòóï ê íèì, òåì íå ìåíåå, åñòü. Ïîïðîáóéòå îáðàòèòñÿ íàïðÿìóþ ê \\192.168.1.1\share (192.168.1.1 çàìåíèòå íà àäðåñ ðîóòåðà èëè åãî èìÿ).Ïðè ýòîì îòêëþ÷àòü NTLMv2 íå îáÿçàòåëüíî.

http://wl500g.info/showthread.php?t=12119&page=2

[Oleg]

Åñëè ñêîðîñòü PPTP ìàëîâàòà:

1) Ïîïðîáîâàòü îòêëþ÷èòü øèôðîâàíèå, ò.å. âïèñàòü â Additional pppd options ñëîâà "nomppe nomppc" (áåç êàâû÷åê, ñ ïðîáåëîì ìåæäó îïöèÿìè)
1à) åñëè ïîñëå ýòîãî âñ¸ ðàáîòàåò, òî ïîçäðàâëÿþ, ïåðåõîäèòå ê ïóíêòó 2;
1b) åñëè ðàáîòàòü ïåðåñòàëî, à â ëîãå ïîÿâèëèñü ñëîâà ïðî "íóæíî MPPC èëè MPPE", òî óáèðàåòå ýòî è ïåðåõîäèòå ê ïóíêòó 3

2) Åñëè ïóíêò 1 âûïîëíåí, ò.å. øèôðîâàíèå ìîæíî îòêëþ÷èòü, òî ñëåäóþùèé øàã - âêëþ÷åíèå ñèíõðîííîãî ðåæèìà (ýòî ïðîñòî óìåíüøàåò êîëè÷åñòâî ðàáîòû âíóòðè ñàìîãî pppd/pptp): â Additional pppd options äîëæíî áûòü "nomppe nomppc sync", à â ïîëå Heartbeat Server ÷åðåç ïðîáåë íóæíî äîáàâèòü "--sync" (áåç êàâû÷åê)
2a) åñëè ïîñëå ýòîãî ðàáîòàåò, òî ïóíêò 3
2á) åñëè íå ðàáîòàåò, òî âûêèäûâàåì sync è òîæå ïóíêò 3

Çàñòàâèòü ðàáîòàòü sync ñîâìåñòíî ñ MPPE/MPPC íå ïîëó÷èëîñü.

3) Îòêëþ÷èòü áóôåðèçàöèþ äëÿ ïàêåòîâ ïîëó÷åííûõ â íåïðàâèëüíîì ïîðÿäêå èëè äëÿ îæèäàíèÿ ïîòåðÿííûõ: â ïîëå Heartbeat Server ÷åðåç ïðîáåë íóæíî äîáàâèòü "--nobuffer" (áåç êàâû÷åê).

Äëÿ Êîðáèíû èòîã òàêîé (ñêîðîñòü âûðîñëà â 2,5 - 3 ðàçà):

Additional pppd options: nomppe nomppc sync
Hearbeat Server: vpn.corbina.net --sync --nobuffer

Îáñóæäåíèå: http://wl500g.info/showthread.php?t=11068

ÇÛ: Åñëè Âû îñîáîé ðàçíèöû â ñêîðîñòè íå óëîâèëè, òî îïöèè âñ¸ ðàâíî íå óáèðàéòå, ðàçíèöà âñ¸ æå åñòü.

ÇÛÛ: Äîïîëíåíèå: åñëè ïîñëå âêëþ÷åíèÿ sync â ëîãå ñòàëè ïîÿâëÿòüñÿ ñòðî÷êè âèäà

Nov 14 20:51:09 pppd[98]: Protocol-Reject for unsupported protocol 0x69

òî ñëåäóåò óáðàòü sync/--sync. Ñåðâåð ïðîâàéäåðà òàêîé ðåæèì íå ïîääåðæèâàåò.

[Oleg]

Äëÿ ïîäêëþ÷åíèÿ Ìàêèíòîø (Ëåîïàðä èëè Òàéãåð) ê Samba v2 íåîáõîäèìî ïðîäåëàòü ñëåäóþùèå îïåðàöèè íà âàøåì Ìàêèíòîøå:

Îòêðûòü òåðìèíàë. Â òåðìèíàëå íàáðàòü:

sudo pico /etc/nsmb.conf

ââåñòè àäìèíèñòðàòîðñêèé ïàðîëü.

äîáàâèòü ñòðîêè:

[default]
minauth=none

Ñîõðàíèòü ôàéë (Control-O, Return);
Âûéòè èç ðåäàêòîðà pico (Control-X).

 òåðìèíàëå íàáðàòü:
sudo chmod a+r /etc/nsmb.conf
Ïåðåçàãðóçèòü Ìàêèíòîø.

Âû ïîëó÷èòå äîñòóï ê share â Finder (Go->Connect to server -> smb:/èìÿ ðóòåðà/share$ )

Íå áóäóò âèäíû ôàéëû è äèðåêòîðèè, íàçâàííûå ðóññêèìè áóêâàìè. Ýòà ïðîáëåìà äîëæíà áûòü èñïðàâëåíà â áóäóùèõ âåðñèÿõ ïðîøèâêè.

http://wl500g.info/showthread.php?t=12129

[Oleg]

Íàïèñàííîå íèæå îòíîñèòñÿ, êàê ê ADSL, òàê è îáû÷íîìó ethernet. Ïëþñ òàêîãî ïîäêëþ÷åíèÿ - íå íàãðóæàåòñÿ ïðîöåññîð ðîóòåðà. À íåêîòîðûå ïðèñòàâêè (òèïà Àìèíî) èíà÷å ïðîñòî íå ðàáîòàþò.

Äëÿ ADSL òàêèå âàðèàíòû (ïðè óñëîâèè, ÷òî ìîäåì íàñòðîåí êàê áðèäæ):
1) åñëè ìîäåì óìíûé, èìååò íåñêîëüêî ethernet ïîðòîâ è ïîääåæèâàåò VLAN - òî âñ¸ ïîíÿòíî - öåïëÿåòå àìèíî íà îòäåëüíûé ïîðò è âñ¸;
2) â ïðîòèâíîì ñëó÷àå:
à) ó ìîäåìà íåñêîëüêî ïîðòîâ - àìèíî öåïëÿåòñÿ íà îäèí, ðîóòåð - íà äðóãîé;
á) ïîðò òîëüêî îäèí - â ðîóòåðå (deluxe/premium/550ge) îäèí èç LAN ïîðòîâ ïîäêëþ÷àåòñÿ ê WAN, Ò ïðèñòàâêà ïîäêëþ÷àåòñÿ ê íåìó (ýêâèâàëåíòíî äîáàâëåíèþ ñâèò÷à).

Êàê ñäåëàòü âàðèàíò 2á íà Äåëþêñå/Ïðåìèóìå/550ãå/WL520gU/520gC/WL-500gP v2:

nvram set vlan0ports="1 2 3 5*"
nvram set vlan1ports="0 4 5"
nvram commit
reboot

Òàêèì îáðàçîì LAN4 (èëè LAN1, â çàâèñèìîñòè îò óñòðîéñòâà) îêàæåòñÿ â îäíîé ñåòè ñ WAN.

Ïîñìîòðåòü ïîðòû ìîæíî êîìàíäîé:
robocfg show - òàì áóäåò ëîãè÷åñêèé íîìåð ïîðòà

Ïîñìîòðåòü òåêóùóþ êîíôèãóðàöèþ:

nvram show|grep vlan.*ports

Äëÿ íå ADSL ïðîâàéäåðîâ (ïðîâåðåíî íà Êîðáèíå) - ñðàçó ïåðåõîäèòå ê ïóíêòó 2á. Ó÷òèòå, ÷òî äëÿ ýòîãî íåîáõîäèìà ïîääåðæêà ðîóòåðîì VLAN.

Âëàäåëüöàì WL-500W: http://wl500g.info/showthread.php?t=13632
Êëèåíòàì qwerty (òå, ÷òî íå neo): Âîò êîíôèãóðàöèÿ äëÿ WL500gP v1 - http://wl500g.info/showpost.php?p=87051&postcount=11

[Markiz]

×òîáû ïîäêëþ÷èòüñÿ ê ðîóòåðó, íóæíî âçÿòü êàáåëü ïðèëîãàþùèéñÿ ê ðîóòåðó, îäèí êîíåö âîòêíóòü â LAN 1 íà ðîóòåðå, âòîðîé â êîìï.

1. Çàéòè â ñåòåâûå ïîäêëþ÷åíèÿ
åñëè èêñïè ïóñê->ïàíåëü óïðàâëåíèÿ->ñåòåâûå ïîäêëþ÷åíèÿ

Åñëè Âèñòà ïóñê -> ñåòü è èíòåðíåò -> öåíòð óïðàâëåíèÿ ñåòÿìè è îáùèì äîñòóïîì -> óïðàâëåíèå ñåòåâûìè ïîäêëþ÷åíèÿìè (ýòî êíîïêà ñïðàâà)

Äëÿ ÕÏ îïèñàë ïðè êëàññè÷åñêîì âèäå ïàíåëè óïðàâëåíèÿ, äëÿ âèñòû "ïàíåëü óïðàâëåíèÿ - äîìàøíÿÿ ñòðàíèöà"

2. Óñòàíîâèòü àéïè àäðåñ
Ïðàâîé êíîïêîé íà "ïîäêëþ÷åíèå ïî ëîêàëüíîé ñåòè", åñëè îíî ïîäêëþ÷åíî âûáèðàåì îòêëþ÷èòü, çàòåì ñíîâà ïðàâîé âûáèðàåì ñâîéñòâà.
Òàì âûáèðàåì â ñïèñêå ïîñåðåäèíå ýêðàíà Äëÿ âèñòû "Ïðîòîêîë èíòåðíåòà âåðñèè 4 (TCP/IPv4) äëÿ õï ÷òî-òî ïîõîæåå òîëüêî ïîäïèñàíî " ïðîòîêîë èíòåðíåòà TCP/IP" áåç v4

Íàæèìàåì êíîïêó ñâîéñòâà.

 ãðàôó àéïè àäðåñ ââîäèì 192.168.1.2
 ãðàôó ìàñêà ïîäñåòè 255.255.255.0
 ãðàôó îñíîâíîé øëþç 192.168.1.1

Íàæèìàåì ÎÊ, íàæèìàåì ÎÊ â îêíå ñâîéñòâ ïîäêëþ÷åíèÿ.

3. Ïîäêëþ÷èòüñÿ ê ðîóòåðó
Ùåëêàåì ïðàâîé êíîïêîé íà "ïîäêëþ÷åíèè ïî ëîêàëüíîé ñåòè", âûáèðàåì ïîäêëþ÷èòü

4. Çàéòè íà ñòðàíèöó óïðàâëåíèÿ ðîóòåðîì
Îòêðûâàåì áðàóçåð, â ãðàôó àäðåñ ââîäèì http://192.168.1.1/ æìåì Ýíòåð

 ïîëå ëîãèí ââîäèì admin â ïîëå ïàðîëü admin, åñëè íè÷åãî íå ìåíÿëè.

5.Êîíåö
Âñå ìû â ñòðàíèöå íàñòðîåê ðîóòåðà, åñëè âû ðàçáèðàåòåñü â ñåòè õîòü ÷óòü ÷óòü, èëè ó âàñ åñòü òîâàðèù êîòîðûé áåñïëàòíî\çà ïèâî\çà íåáîëüøèå äåíüãè\çà áîëüøèå äåíüãè ìîæåò íàñòðîèòü âàì ðîóòåð, òî ïåðåïðîøèâàåòåñü ïðîøèâêîé Îëåãà è íàñòðàèâàåòå ðîóòåð ïî ýòîé òåìå: http://wl500g.info/showthread.php?t=3171 Ïðåäóïðåæó, ÷òî â ïðîøèâêå Îëåãà ñòðàíèöà íàñòðîåê íà àíãëèéñêîì ÿçûêå.

Åñëè æå âû íå îëáàäàåòå íåîáõîäèìûìè çíàíèÿìè è ïîäõîäÿùåãî òîâàðèùà íåò, òî íå çíàþ ÷åì âàì äàëåå ïîìî÷ü, â îðèãèíàëüíîé ïðîøèâêå ÿ íå ðàáîòàë. Ñðàçó ñòàâèë ïðîøèâêó îò Îëåãà, êàê è âñå ïðèñóòñòâóþùèå íà ýòîì ôîðóìå.

[Power]

Òà æå ñèòóàöèÿ ñ ýòèì ïðîâàéäåðîì è ðîóòåðîì WL500gp.
Ïðîðàáîòàâ áåç íàðåêàíèé ãîä, ðîóòåð ïîñëå íåäàâíåé ãðîçû ïåðåñòàë êîíåêòèòüñÿ, íàïðÿìóþ áåç ïðîáëåì.
Ïîïðîáîâàë ïîìåíÿòü ìåñòàìè ïîðòû êàê íàïèñàë Supermax,
ïîñëå ýòîãî ðîóòåð âïàäàåò â ñòóïîð, ïåðåñòàåò ðåàãèðîâàòü.
Ìîæåò êòî-íèáóäü ìîæåò ïîìî÷ü?

Åñëè âû ââîäèëè êîìàíäû èç åãî ïîñòà, òî âàì íóæíî ñáðàñûâàòü íàñòðîéêè, èáî òàì áûëî îïèñàíî äëÿ wl500w.

Ïðàâèëüíûé ñáðîñ íàñòðîåê:
à) åñëè ó âàñ äîñòóïåí âåá-èíòåðôåéñ è âû äðóæèòå ñ àíãëèéñêèì, òî èä¸òå íà ñòðàíèöó System Setup - Factory Default;
á) â îñòàëüíûõ ñëó÷àÿõ âàì ñþäà.

Êàê ïðîâåðèòü íà wl500gp, ÷òî ïîðò wan ðàáîòàåò/íå ðàáîòàåò:

1. Êîíå÷íî æå, ñáðîñèòü íàñòðîéêè. Åñëè îíè íóæíû, ìîæíî ïðåäâàðèòåëüíî èõ ñîõðàíèòü, à â ñàìîì êîíöå çàãðóçèòü îáðàòíî.
2. Âûòàùèòü ïðîâîä èç wan-ïîðòà.
3. Ïðîâåðèòü, ÷òî ðîóòåð ïèíãóåòñÿ ñ êîìïà. Åñëè íå ïèíãóåòñÿ, äîáèòüñÿ, ÷òîá ïèíãîâàëñÿ.
4. Çàéòè íà ðîóòåð ïî ssh èëè telnet è âûïîëíèòü
   

   robocfg vlan 1 ports 5t vlan 0 ports "0 1 2 3 4 5t"

5. Âûòàùèòü ïðîâîä, èäóùèé îò êîìïà, èç lan-ïîðòà ðîóòåðà è âñòàâèòü åãî â wan-ïîðò.
6. Åñëè ëàìïî÷êà íà wan-ïîðòó ðîóòåðà íå çàãîðåëàñü, òî, ñêîðåå âñåãî, ïîðò ñäîõ. Ïåðåõîäèì ê ïóíêòó 10.
7. Åñëè êîìï íàñòðîåí íà àâòîìàòè÷åñêîå ïîëó÷åíèå IP, òî æä¸ì êàêîå-òî âðåìÿ, ïîêà êîìï íå ïîëó÷èò IP-àäðåñ îò ðîóòåðà. Åñëè äîëãî íå ïîëó÷àåò, òî, ñêîðåå âñåãî, ïîðò ñäîõ. Ïåðåõîäèì ê ïóíêòó 10.
8. Ïèíãóåì ðîóòåð ñ êîìïà. Åñëè ðîóòåð íà ïèíã íå îòâå÷àåò, òî, ñêîðåå âñåãî, ïîðò ñäîõ. Ïåðåõîäèì ê ïóíêòó 10.
9. Ïîçäðàâëÿåì, wan-ïîðò ðàáîòàåò.
10. Çà÷èñòêà îò âñåé ýòîé ïðîöåäóðû: ïåðåçàãðóæàåì ðîóòåð, ïåðåòûêàåì êàáåëè â îáû÷íîå ñîñòîÿíèå (êîìï - â lan, ïðîâàéäåð - â wan). Åñëè íóæíî, çàãðóæàåì íà ðîóòåð ñîõðàí¸ííûå íàñòðîéêè.

×òîáû ïåðåíàçíà÷èòü, íàïðèìåð, ïîðò lan 2 íà wan, íóæíî âûïîëíèòü íà ðîóòåðå êîìàíäû (äëÿ wl500gp)

nvram set vlan0ports="1 3 4 5*"
nvram set vlan1ports="2 5"
nvram commit
reboot

(åñëè íå lan 2, à äðóãîé lan, òî èç ïåðâîãî ñïèñêà "1 2 3 4 5*" âûêèäûâàåòñÿ íóæíûé íîìåð, à âî âòîðîì ñîîòâåòñòâåííî 2 çàìåíÿåòñÿ íà òîò íîìåð). Ïðè ýòîì áûâøèé ïîðò wan "îòêëþ÷àåòñÿ" âîîáùå, ò.å. ÷òî â íåãî íè âòûêàé - ó÷èòûâàòüñÿ íå áóäåò. Åñëè íóæíî îñòàâèòü åãî íàðàâíå ñ íîâûì ïîðòîì, òî âî âòîðîì ñïèñêå íóæíî äîáàâèòü 0 : ...vlan1ports="0 2 5"

×òîáû âåðíóòü îáðàòíî:

nvram set vlan0ports="1 2 3 4 5*"
nvram set vlan1ports="0 5"
nvram commit
reboot

[Omega]

Còðóêòóðà äèðåêòîðèé îïåðàöèîííîé ñèñòåìû Linux

Îïåðàöèîííàÿ ñèñòåìà Linux èìååò ÷åòêóþ ñòðóêòóðó ðàñïîëîæåíèÿ äèðåêòîðèé è ôàéëîâ. Ïîýòîìó ìíîãèå ëþäè,
íà÷èíàþùèå èçó÷àòü ëèíóêñ, ñòàëêèâàþòñÿ ñ òðóäíîñòüþ ïîíèìàíèÿ íóæíîñòè êàæäîé îòäåëüíîé äèðåêòîðèè.
 ýòîé ñòàòüå ïðèâåäåí ñïèñîê îñíîâíûõ äèðåêòîðèé ôàéëîâîé ñèñòåìû Ëèíóêñ è èõ î÷åíü êðàòêîå îïèñàíèå.
Êðàòêîå îïèñàíèå ñòðóêòóðû ôàéëîâîé ñèñòåìû
Linux
01. / <root> Êîðíåâîé ðàçäåë. Äîìàøíÿÿ ïàïêà ñóïåðïîëüçîâàòåëÿ root ðàñïîëàãàåòñÿ â êîðíå ôàéëîâîé ñèñòåìû
02. ├─ /bin Çäåñü õðàíÿòñÿ îñíîâíûå êîìàíäû îïåðàöèîííîé ñèñòåìû (ÎÑ) - îáîëî÷êè è ôàéëîâîé ñèñòåìû (ls, cp)
03. ├─ /boot  ýòîé äèðåêòîðèè õðàíÿòñÿ îáðàçû ÿäåð îïåðàöèîííîé ñèñòåìû Linux è ìåíåäæåð çàãðóçêè (grub, lilo)
04. ├─ /dev Äèðåêòîðèÿ ñîäåðæèò ôàéëû óñòðîéñòâ (ïðèíòåðû, æ¸ñòêèå äèñêè), ïîäêëþ÷åííûå ê îïåðàöèîííîé ñèñòåìå (ÎÑ)
05. ├─ /etc Çäåñü íàõîäÿòñÿ êîíôèãóðàöèîííûå ôàéëû ÎÑ (íàñòðîéêè ñåòè, ñïèñîê ïîëüçîâàòåëåé) è ïðîãðàìì (Apache, Samba)
06. ├─ /home  ýòîé äèðåêòîðèè äîëæíà â öåëÿõ áåçîïàñíîñòè ðàçìåùàòüñÿ âñÿ ëè÷íàÿ èíôîðìàöèÿ ïîëüçîâàòåëåé ñèñòåìû
07. │ └─ /home/username Ýòî äîìàøíÿÿ ïàïêà ïîëüçîâàòåëÿ usermame - õðàíèòñÿ ïîëüçîâàòåëüñêàÿ ÷àñòü êîíôèãóðàöèîííûõ ôàéëîâ
08. ├─ /lost+found Ñþäà ñêèäûâàþòñÿ ôàéëû, íà êîòîðûå íå áûëî ññûëîê íè â îäíîé äèðåêòîðèè, õîòÿ èõ inod íå ïîìå÷åíû êàê ñâîáîäíûå
09. ├─ /lib Ýòà äèðåêòîðèÿ äëÿ õðàíåíèÿ ñèñòåìíûõ áèáëèîòåê, íåîáõîäèìûõ äëÿ ðàáîòû ïðîãðàìì èç äèðåêòîðèé /bin è /sbin è ÎÑ â öåëîì
10. ├─ /media Ýòà äèðåêòîðèÿ èñïîëüçóåòñÿ äëÿ àâòîìàòè÷åñêîãî ìîíòèðîâàíèÿ USB-íàêîïèòåëåé
11. ├─ /mnt  ýòó äèðåêòîðèþ êîìàíäîé mount âðó÷íóþ ìîíòèðóþòñÿ ðàçëè÷íûå USB-íàêîïèòåëè
12. ├─ /opt Äèðåêòîðèÿ äëÿ ðàçìåùåíèÿ óñòàíîâëåííûõ ïðîãðàìì ñ áîëüøèì äèñêîâûì ðàçìåðîì èëè âñïîìîãàòåëüíûìè ïàêåòàìè
13. ├─ /proc Ñþäà ïðèìîíòèðîâàíà âèðòóàëüíàÿ ôàéëîâàÿ ñèñòåìà procfs ñ èíôîðìàöèåé, êîòîðóþ ÿäðî ìîæåò ñîîáùèòü ïîëüçîâàòåëÿì
13! │ ├─ /proc/modules - Â ýòîì ôàéëå íàõîäèòñÿ ñïèñîê çàãðóæåííûõ ìîäóëåé ÿäðà
13ii │ └─ /proc/cpuinfo - Â ýòîì ôàéëå íàõîäèòñÿ èíôîðìàöèÿ î ïðîöåññîðå êîìïüþòåðà
14. ├─ /root Ýòî äîìàøíèé êàòàëîã èëè äîìàøíÿÿ ïàïêà ñóïåðïîëüçîâàòåëÿ, ïî óìîë÷àíèþ âñåãäà ðàñïîëîæåíà â êîðíåâîì êàòàëîãå
15. ├─ /sbin Çäåñü íàõîäÿòñÿ îñíîâíûå ñèñòåìíûå ïðîãðàììû äëÿ àäìèíèñòðèðîâàíèÿ è íàñòðîéêè ñèñòåìû (iptables, ifconfig)
16. ├─ /srv Òóò õðàíÿòñÿ ñïåöèôè÷íûå ïàðàìåòðû äëÿ îêðóæåíèÿ ñèñòåìû, ÷àùå âñåãî äàííàÿ äèðåêòîðèÿ áûâàåò ïóñòîé
17. ├─ /sys Ýòî äèðåêòîðèÿ ñ âèðòóàëüíîé ôàéëîâîé ñèñòåìîé sysfs ñ èíôîðìàöèåé ÿäðà Linux (>v.2.6) î óñòðîéñòâàõ è äðàéâåðàõ
18. │ ├─ /sys/block Ýòà ñîäåðæèò äèðåêòîðèè âñåõ áëî÷íûõ óñòðîéñòâ, ïðèñóòñòâóþùèõ â äàííûé ìîìåíò â ñèñòåìå
19. │ ├─ /sys/bus  ýòîé äèðåêòîðèè íàõîäèòñÿ ñïèñîê øèí, îïðåäåëåííûõ â ÿäðå Linux (eisa, pci)
20. │ └─ /sys/class Êàòàëîã ñîäåðæèò ñïèñîê ãðóïïèðîâàííûõ óñòðîéñòâ ïî êëàññàì (printer, scsi-devices)
21. ├─ /tmp Âðåìåííîå õðàíèëèùå äàííûõ, âñå ïîëüçîâàòåëè èìåþò ïðàâà ÷òåíèÿ è çàïèñè â ýòîì êàòàëîãå
22. ├─ /usr Çäåñü õðàíÿòñÿ âñå óñòàíîâëåííûå ïàêåòû ïðîãðàìì, äîêóìåíòàöèÿ è èñõîäíûé êîä ÿäðà (âñå, êðîìå root - Read Only)
23. │ ├─ /usr/bin Ýòà äèðåêòîðèÿ äîïîëíèòåëüíûõ ïðîãðàìì äëÿ âñåõ ó÷åòíûõ çàïèñåé
24. │ ├─ /usr/games Êàòàëîã äëÿ ðàçìåùåíèÿ äîñòóïíûõ êîìïüþòåðíûõ èãð â ñèñòåìå
25. │ ├─ /usr/include  ýòîé äèðåêòîðèè õðàíÿòñÿ çàãîëîâî÷íûå ôàéëû Ñ++
26. │ ├─ /usr/lib Òóò íàõîäÿòñÿ ñèñòåìíûå áèáëèîòåêè äëÿ ïðîãðàìì, ðàñïîëîæåííûõ â äèðåêòîðèè /usr
27. │ ├─ /usr/sbin  ýòîé äèðåêòîðèè õðàíÿòñÿ äîïîëíèòåëüíûå ñèñòåìíûå ïðîãðàììû
28. │ ├─ /usr/share À â ýòîé äèðåêòîðèè õðàíÿòñÿ îáùèå äàííûå óñòàíîâëåííûõ ïðîãðàìì
29. │ │ ├─ /usr/share/icons  ýòîì êàòàëîãå íàõîäÿòñÿ âñå èêîíêè ñèñòåìû
30. │ │ └─ /usr/share/doc Ýòî äèðåêòîðèÿ, â êîòîðîé íàõîäèòñÿ ñïðàâî÷íàÿ äîêóìåíòàöèÿ ïî óñòàíîâëåííûì ïðîãðàììàì
31. │ └─ /usr/src  ýòîé äèðåêòîðèè õðàíÿòñÿ èñõîäíûå êîäû (çäåñü òàêæå ðàñïîëàãàþòñÿ èñõîäíûå êîäû ÿäðà)
32. ├─ /var Ýòî êàòàëîã äëÿ ÷àñòî ìåíÿþùèõñÿ äàííûõ, çäåñü íàõîäÿòñÿ æóðíàëû ÎÑ è ñèñòåìíûå ôàéëû (log, cache)
33. │ ├─ /var/cache  ýòîì ìåñòå õðàíÿòñÿ âñå cache - êýøè ðàçëè÷íûõ ïðîãðàìì
34. │ ├─ /var/games  ýòîì ìåñòå ðàñïîëîæåíû ôàéëû ñ èãðîâûìè äîñòèæåíèÿìè
35. │ ├─ /var/lib  ýòîì ìåñòå - ïîñòîÿííûå äàííûå, èçìåíÿåìûå ïðîãðàììàìè â ïðîöåññå ðàáîòû (áàçû äàííûõ, ìåòà-äàííûå)
36. │ ├─ /var/lock Çäåñü ëåæàò lock-ôàéëû, óêàçûâàþùèå íà çàíÿòîñòü íåêîòîðûõ ðåñóðñîâ
37. │ ├─ /var/log  ýòîé äèðåêòîðèè õðàíÿòñÿ âñå log - ëîã-ôàéëû ñèñòåìû è óñòàíîâëåííûõ ïðîãðàìì
38. │ ├─ /var/spool Çäåñü ëåæàò çàäà÷è, îæèäàþùèå îáðàáîòêè (çàäà÷è cron, î÷åðåäè ïå÷àòè)
39. │ └─ /var/www  ýòîé äèðåêòîðèè ðàçìåùàþòñÿ Web-ñòðàíèöû äëÿ ñåðâåðà Apache
40. └─ / <swap> Ðàçäåë ôàéëà ïîäêà÷êè - âèðòóàëüíîé ïàìÿòè äëÿ óâåëè÷åíèÿ ñêîðîñòè îáìåíà ñ îïåðàòèâíîé ïàìÿòüþ

RTFM http://itshaman.ru/articles/10/directory-linux

[Omega]

ÐÅÌÎÍÒ ÁËÎÊÀ ÏÈÒÀÍÈß ÐÎÓÒÅÐÀ ASUS WL-500gP v1

Ïðîÿâèëàñü äàííàÿ ïðîáëåìà, ðåøèë îïèñàòü ïðîöåäóðó âîññòàíîâëåíèÿ...

Âñ¸ ïðîèçîøëî òàê, êàê óæå îïèñûâàëîñü â ýòîé òåìå: ñíà÷àëà îòâàëèëñÿ âíåøíèé æ¸ñòêèé äèñê, ïîòîì
ïðîïàë èíòåðíåò, ïîñëå ïåðåçàãðóçêè ãîðÿò âñå ëàìïî÷êè LAN, WAN, íå ãîðèò POWER è åëå òëååò AIR

Íàáð¸ë íà ýòó òåìó è ðåøèë ïðîâåðèòü áëîê ïèòàíèÿ.
Áëîê ïèòàíèÿ âûäà¸ò 5,25 Â, íî ïðè íàãðóçêå ðåçèñòîðîì 5 Îì íàïðÿæåíèå ïðîñåäàåò äî 2,14 Â

Çäåñü õî÷ó îòìåòèòü, ÷òî íå òàê äàâíî ñòîëêíóëñÿ ñ âûõîäîì èç ñòðîÿ áëîêà ïèòàíèÿ îò ìàðøðóòèçàòîðà
D-Link DI-524UP è îòðåìîíòèðîâàë åãî ïî èíñòðóêöèè èç òåìû http://forum.dlink.ru/viewtopic.php?t=54051,
îäíàêî òàì áëîê ïèòàíèÿ íå ðàáîòàë âîîáùå, ïðîáëåìà áûëà â çàïóñêàþùåì êîíäåíñàòîðå, íî ñõåìîòåõíèêà
áëîêîâ ïèòàíèÿ ÷òî ó ASUS-à, ÷òî ó D-Link-à îäèíàêîâàÿ, êàê è èõ õàðàêòåðèñòèêè, ðàçëè÷àþòñÿ îíè òîëüêî
ðàñïîëîæåíèåì ýëåìåíòîâ è íåìíîãî îòëè÷àþùèìèñÿ íîìèíàëàìè.

Òåïåðü ïðî âîññòàíîâëåíèå:

1. Âñêðûâàåì áëîê ïèòàíèÿ. Ïîõîæå áëîêè ïèòàíèÿ íå îñîáî ïðîêëååíû, ïî êðàéíåé ìåðå ñâîé îòêðûë
   äîâîëüíî ïðîñòî, ñíà÷àëà íåìíîãî åãî ïîëîìàë çà âèëêó â ñòîðîíû, ïîêà íå èñ÷åç íåáîëüøîé õðóñò è
   íåìíîãî íå îòîø¸ë êðàé, äàëüøå ïðîñóíóë â ùåëü ïëàñòèêîâóþ êàðòó è âñêðûë áëîê ïèòàíèÿ ïî êðóãó.
   (Åñëè íå ïîëó÷àåòñÿ âñêðûòü òàêèì îáðàçîì, òî ïðèä¸òñÿ ðåçàòü, êàê óêàçàíî â òåìå ñ ôîðóìà D-Link)
   .
2. Âûíèìàåì ïëàòó. (Åñëè áëîê ïèòàíèÿ òîëüêî âûíóëè èç ðîçåòêè, ïîäîæäèòå ïàðó ìèíóò äëÿ ðàçðÿäà)
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3.  ìî¸ì ñëó÷àå áûë âçäóò êîíä¸ð ïîä ¹2 10v 1200mkF, òàêîãî íå íàøëîñü, âçÿë 10v 1000mkF
   .
   
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4. Òàêæå ïî ñîâåòó çíàêîìîãî òåëåâèçèîííîãî ìàñòåðà ïîìåíÿë çàïóñêàþùèé êîíä¸ð ïîä ¹1.
   Îðèãèíàëüíûé áûë ïî-ìîåìó 25v 10mkF, ïîìåíÿë íà 50v 10mkF - ðàáîòàåò íîðìàëüíî.
   .
   
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5. Ñîáèðàåì áëîê ïèòàíèÿ, ÿ èñïîëüçîâàë äëÿ êðåïëåíèÿ áóõãàëòåðñêèå ðåçèíêè äëÿ äåíåã,
   âäðóã åù¸ ïðèä¸òñÿ âñêðûâàòü. Åñëè âàæåí ýñòåòè÷åñêèé âèä, òî ìîæíî ïðîñòî ïðîêëåèòü
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   ___ ___
   | Âîò ÷òî â èòîãå ïîëó÷èëîñü | Ìîäåëü áëîêà ïèòàíèÿ |
   
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   | Ñõåìà áëîêà ïèòàíèÿ 5v2a | Òèï øòåêåðà |

http://habrahabr.ru/blogs/DIY/86866/

Íóæíî ïðîñòî ïîìåñòèòü "â ðàìî÷êó" è äîáàâèòü â FAQ ...
À òî íàðîä óæå çàêóïàåò îïòîì áëîêè ïèòàíèÿ ...

Features:

• Smart device surge protection for over voltage, temperature and short circuit protection
• Strong built for heavy duty and long usage performance
• UL SA CE RoHS certified equipment
• Convenient in use

Technical Specifications:

• AC input voltage ……100-240VAC
• AC inrush current …….2A/230V
• AC input frequency ………47-63Hz
• DC output voltage ………5V/2.5A/12.5W
• Peak- to -peak ripple …….<100mV
• Line regulation (full load).......±0.5%
• Setup rise hold up time………100ms,50ms,20ms@240VAC input
• Over voltage protection………115%-135% rated output voltage
• Over load protection ………115%-135%fold back current limiting, auto-recovery
• Working temperature………….0-35℃@100% ,50℃@70% load
• OEM compatible part, safety standards………UL CCC FCC GS
• Withstand voltage………I/P-O/P 3Kvac,1 minute
• Plug Tip size.......5.5/2.5/12mm (DC 2.5õ5.5 -(O+)

Àíàëîãè ðîäíîãî áëîêà ïèòàíèÿ :

http://ps.compel.ru/acdc/ES18E05-P1J
http://www.chipdip.ru/product0/843226416.aspx
http://www.chipdip.ru/product0/140903958.aspx
http://www.chipdip.ru/product0/209479049.aspx

Âîò ýòî îäíî èç ãëàâíûõ çàìå÷àíèé, ðàçðàáàòûâàþ ýëåêòðîííûå äåâàéñû, âñåãäà ïðèõîäèòñÿ ñòàâèòü ïàðàëëåëüíî ýëåêòðîëèòó
êåðàìèêó.  äàííîì ñëó÷àå âñòàíåò íàèáîëåå ðàñïðîñòðàíåííûé êîíäåð äëÿ ñúåäàíèÿ øóìîâ ïî ïèòàíèþ - 0805 0,1 ìêÔ 50Â
(ó ìåíÿ ïðîñòî 50-òè âîëüòîâûå ïî äåôîëòó èäóò), åãî ñòîèìîñòü 0,13 ðóá (ïî ìîèì çàêóïî÷íûì öåíàì) 0805 - ýòî ðàçìåð
Òàêîé êîíäåð çàìå÷àòåëüíî âñòàåò ïðÿìî ìåæäó íîæåê ýëåêòðîëèòà ñ îáðàòíîé ñòîðîíû, ïðÿìî íà äîðîæêè , îí ïîä SMD
ìîíòàæ Òîãäà ýëåêòðîëèò ïðîñëóæèò çíà÷èòåëüíî äîëüøå â èìïóëüñíûõ öåïÿõ

Äà, òàê íàìíîãî óäîáíåé ïðè ìîíòàæå SMD êîìïîíåíòîâ è ýòî çíà÷èòåëüíî ïðîäëåâàåò ñðîê ñëóæáû áëîêà ïèòàíèÿ ...
http://wl500g.info/showthread.php?p=147005#post147005 *

ïîäñêàæèòå ïîæàëóéñòà êàêîé ëó÷øå êîíäåíñàòîð âñòàâèòü ? èìåþòñÿ -10v 2200 ìô äðóãîé 10v 1000 ìô ???

Òàì ñòîèò ðîäíîé 1200 ìF/10V ... Ëó÷øå ïîñòàâèòü 1000 ìF (105*C), íî íà 16/25 âîëüò ... Òàêîé äîëüøå áóäåò ðàáîòàòü

Òàáëèöà êà÷åñòâà êîíäåíñàòîðîâ ïî ôèðìàì : http://www.rom.by/book/Proizvoditeli...esja_serii_0#4

Õîðîøåå êà÷åñòâî_________Ïëîõîå êà÷åñòâî