I think it's pretty easy. Actually you don't need to program anything in linux (or only a small script). There are several ways to communicate with this dongle, however, the easiest would be so called CDC. It means actually a UART emulation over USB. So you need to make a firmware for the dongle which will receive some command and send back needed data, or just send the value let say every second.
Atmel has on the site sources of demo CDC project, however, I'd recommend you to pay attention to the LUFA project:
http://www.fourwalledcubicle.com/LUFA.php
There is also CDC demo project inside and the nice thing it that it works
Don't forget that you have to start usbserial in the following way:
insmod usbserial vendor=0x1234 product=0x5678
Actual vid&pid values can be found in dmesg output